Adaptive economic mechanism for the development of machine-building enterprises under structural transformation

Abstract

The article develops the theoretical and methodological foundations for forming an economic mechanism for the development of machine-building enterprises under structural transformation, wartime risks, technological renewal and changes in industrial policy. Enterprise development is interpreted not as a simple increase in output or capital expenditure, but as the ability to modernise the technological base, increase productivity, create higher value-added products, integrate into domestic and international value chains, strengthen innovation capacity and preserve operational resilience under external shocks. An original definition of the economic development mechanism is proposed as an adaptive system of interrelated objectives, principles, resources, organisational and economic instruments, incentives, constraints and feedback procedures that transform enterprise potential into measurable technological, market, investment and organisational development results. The mechanism is structured as a closed loop: diagnosis, priority setting, resource mobilisation, implementation of development projects, performance assessment and adjustment. A six-block architecture is developed, covering resource-investment, innovation-technological, production-operational, market-export, organisational-human-capital and institutional-resilience dimensions. A system of indicators, an Integrated Machine-Building Enterprise Development Index and a Development Balance Coefficient are proposed. The latter prevents strong results in one dimension from masking critical weaknesses in another. The study also substantiates the role of public procurement localisation, industrial parks, domestic equipment compensation programmes, Industry 4.0, artificial intelligence and international industrial cooperation as external amplifiers of the enterprise-level development mechanism. The proposed framework can be used to prioritise development projects, allocate investment resources, identify bottlenecks and move from reactive crisis management towards a controlled long-term development trajectory.