Digital Transformation of Logistics Operations Management in the Foreign Economic Activity of Domestic Enterprises

Abstract

The article examines the issues of digital transformation of logistics operations management in the context of foreign economic activity (FEA) of domestic enterprises. It is determined that the globalization of trade relations, the acceleration of technological progress, and the intensification of competitive pressure from foreign market participants necessitate the transition from traditional to digital models of logistics management. In the conditions of wartime and post-war recovery, the efficiency of logistics management becomes particularly relevant, as the speed and quality of international supply operations directly affect the competitiveness of Ukrainian businesses in foreign markets. The study systematizes the key technologies of digital transformation in logistics, including artificial intelligence, machine learning, blockchain, the Internet of Things (IoT), cloud computing, transportation management systems (TMS), and warehouse management systems (WMS). A five-level maturity model of digital transformation in FEA logistics is developed. A comparative analysis of logistics performance indicators before and after the implementation of digital tools is conducted, confirming significant improvements in key KPIs: a 72% reduction in customs clearance time, a 38% decrease in logistics costs, and an increase in order fulfillment accuracy to 95–99%. The main barriers to the digitalization of FEA logistics are identified, including financial constraints, insufficient workforce readiness, cyber risks, outdated IT systems, and regulatory obstacles, and appropriate measures to overcome them are proposed. Strategic directions for the digital transformation of logistics in the context of Ukraine's European integration course and post-war reconstruction needs are substantiated. It is emphasized that the effective implementation of digital technologies requires a comprehensive approach, including IT infrastructure modernization, staff training, the development of a digital culture, and the harmonization of the regulatory framework with EU requirements. The results of the study can be used by managers of enterprises engaged in foreign economic activity, logistics professionals, and public authorities in developing strategies for digital transformation and supporting Ukraine's export potential.