Organization of Accounting and Taxation of Packaging Materials as Secondary Raw Materials in the Context of Circular Economy Development

Abstract

In modern conditions of enterprise functioning, characterized by intensified competition, increasing environmental requirements, and the transition to a circular economy model, the effective organization of accounting and taxation of packaging materials as a component of material resources becomes particularly important. Packaging performs not only production and logistics functions but also acts as a potential source of secondary raw materials, in particular waste paper, which necessitates its comprehensive accounting representation. At the same time, the practical implementation of accounting and tax procedures related to packaging materials and waste paper is accompanied by a number of challenges, including ambiguity in the valuation of secondary raw materials, complexity of documentation, the need to distinguish between taxable and non-taxable transactions, as well as consideration of environmental aspects of business activities. The purpose of the study is to provide a theoretical generalization and develop organizational and methodological approaches to the accounting and taxation of packaging materials and waste paper as secondary raw materials, aimed at improving the efficiency of material resource management, enhancing accounting and analytical support, and strengthening the environmental orientation of enterprise activities. To achieve this goal, methods of regulatory analysis, systemic and structural-logical analysis, comparison, generalization, and modeling were applied. The paper substantiates the economic essence of packaging materials and waste paper as objects of accounting and identifies their interrelation in the process of transformation of primary resources into secondary raw materials. Approaches to organizing analytical accounting of packaging materials and waste paper based on relevant classification features have been developed. The procedure for reflecting waste paper transactions in accounting is summarized, including its recognition as another material asset and its sale as other current assets. Tax aspects of waste paper transactions are analyzed, including VAT exemption features, allocation of input tax credit, and the need for tax liability adjustments. A set of measures for improving the taxation of packaging materials and waste paper is proposed, aimed at stimulating the use of secondary raw materials, harmonizing accounting and tax approaches, developing environmental taxation, and digitalizing accounting processes. It is proven that the effective organization of accounting and taxation of packaging materials and waste paper should be based on an integrated combination of accounting, tax, and environmental instruments. The implementation of the proposed measures will contribute to increasing resource efficiency of enterprises, reducing environmental impact, ensuring the reliability of accounting information, and improving the management of material flows. Prospects for further research should be associated with the development of models for evaluating the efficiency of secondary raw material use, improvement of environmental accounting, and integration of digital technologies into enterprise resource management systems.