Transformation of primary accounting and document management based on distributed ledger technology

Abstract

The relevance of the study is driven by the increasing requirements for reliability, timeliness, and transparency of accounting information under the conditions of economic digitalization, which necessitates the search for new approaches to the organization of primary accounting and document management. Traditional accounting systems based on centralized data storage provide limited consistency and data protection, which strengthens the interest in using distributed ledger technology as a tool for improving the efficiency of accounting processes. The purpose of the article is to substantiate and develop practical approaches to the transformation of primary accounting and document management based on distributed ledger technology in order to enhance the reliability, transparency, and efficiency of accounting information in a digital environment. Methods. The study employs methods of analysis and synthesis to generalize approaches to the organization of primary accounting, systematization to structure the functional capabilities of distributed ledger technology, comparative analysis to assess the impact of digital solutions on accounting processes, and logical generalization to formulate practical recommendations. Results. The transformation of primary accounting in the context of digitalization has been examined, and a shift in its functional role toward the formation of an integrated information environment has been established. It has been revealed that the use of distributed ledger technology ensures consistency, immutability, and accessibility of primary accounting data, as well as facilitates the automation of their processing. It has been proven that the effectiveness of implementation depends on the level of integration of information systems, the quality of primary data, and the organizational readiness of enterprises for change. Conclusions. It has been substantiated that the improvement of primary accounting is achieved through the phased integration of technology, data standardization, implementation of preliminary verification mechanisms, and adaptation of accounting policies.

Prospects for further research are associated with the development of quantitative approaches to evaluating the effectiveness of distributed ledger applications, improvement of control and audit methodologies in the digital environment, and investigation of the impact of such technologies on the long-term sustainability of enterprises.