Formation of working funds of business entities in economic systems

Abstract

The relevance of the study is due to the increasing importance of effective formation of working capital in ensuring the financial stability of business entities in conditions of economic instability, digitalization and increased risks. Limited access to financial resources and instability of the external environment complicate the process of working capital management. The problem lies in the lack of adaptability of existing approaches to the formation of working capital, which reduces the liquidity and efficiency of enterprises. The purpose of the study is to substantiate the theoretical and methodological principles of the formation of working capital and develop practical recommendations for increasing the efficiency of their use. The object of the study is the process of forming working capital of business entities, the subject is methodological approaches and tools for managing working capital. The study uses a systemic approach to generalize the structure of working capital and identify the relationships between their elements. Economic analysis methods were used to assess the efficiency of working capital use, and comparative analysis was used to compare different scientific approaches. Economic and statistical methods were used to identify trends in change, and generalization was used to form conclusions. In the process of the study, approaches to determining the essence of working capital were generalized, the factors of their formation were analyzed, and the problems of their management were outlined. Directions for optimizing the structure of working capital were substantiated, taking into account modern conditions. It was established that increasing the efficiency of working capital formation is associated with optimizing sources of financing, improving financial policy, and implementing analytical tools. The practical significance of the results lies in the possibility of their use to increase liquidity and ensure stable development of enterprises.