Peculiarities of accounting for fixed assets in the conditions of martial law in Ukraine: regulatory and legal aspects and management decisions

Abstract

The article is devoted to the study of the peculiarities of the accounting of fixed assets of enterprises in the conditions of martial law in Ukraine. In connection with the military actions, which created significant challenges for the country's economy, in particular for the activities of enterprises, the influence of external circumstances on accounting processes was considered. resumption of activity. This necessitates a review of approaches to the management of fixed assets, their accounting, loss documentation and evaluation. The article examines the key aspects that affect the accounting of fixed assets under martial law: writing off destroyed assets, calculating depreciation, conducting an inventory and forming reserves to cover losses. Special attention is paid to legal regulations that determine the procedure for compensation for damaged or destroyed property, damage assessment methods, as well as requirements for the preparation of primary documentation, including acts of write-off, inventory, technical condition of property, photographic evidence and other documents. The issue of temporary conservation of fixed assets, their use for humanitarian purposes or in idle conditions was considered. The procedures of modernization, repairs and impairment testing of assets are separately analyzed in the context of the requirements of national accounting standards and tax legislation. The article provides an overview of modern scientific research devoted to the adaptation of accounting to the conditions of martial law, in particular, works focusing on improving the Chart of Accounts, forms of financial reporting, as well as on management decision-making algorithms for accounting for disposal of fixed assets. The purpose of the research is to study the changes in the accounting of fixed assets in the conditions of martial law in order to make effective management decisions. The assigned tasks include analysis of the legal framework, documentation of losses, development of recommendations to ensure the transparency of financial reporting and increase the efficiency of the use of fixed assets. The article concludes on the need for further adaptation of accounting procedures to the challenges of martial law in order to ensure the financial stability of enterprises and minimize the risks of asset losses. Practical recommendations aimed at improving accounting activities are given, in particular, monitoring of legislative changes, detailed documentation of losses and use of reserves for risk management.