Labor Market in the Context of Society 4.0 and Society 5.0 Development

Abstract

The article is devoted to studying the peculiarities of the functioning of the labor market in the conditions of the development of Society 4.0 and Society 5.0. The review of the stages of the development of society shows how the rapid progress of technologies, including digitalization, automation, and robotics, affects economic and social aspects. The imbalance between the demand for labor and its supply, as well as changes in the requirements for employees caused by the rapid development of digital technologies, require a significant revision of the foundations and principles of the functioning of the labor market. This is necessary for its adaptation to new conditions and to ensure sustainability and efficiency in the future. The article analyzes the trends that have formed in the global labor market and in Ukraine, where significant changes are taking place after the COVID-19 pandemic and in the conditions of Russia's military aggression. The main features characterizing the current state of the domestic labor market are the growth of the unemployed population and the increase in the unemployment rate, growing demand for remote employment, increase in the number of highly qualified personnel, and acceleration of the level of labor mobility. Transformations in the socio-economic environment significantly affect the labor market, manifesting in positive and negative consequences. The article also focuses on new challenges for the labor market and the need to adapt it to modern technological changes. The main ways of adaptation include the introduction of new educational programs focused on digital skills and digital technologies, carrying out retraining of employees, supporting flexible forms of employment, developing digital competencies, encouraging entrepreneurial activity among the population in such sectors as IT, cyber security, technologies of "smart" cities; provide access to new technologies for all segments of the population. The specified ways of adaptation will contribute to ensuring the sustainability and efficiency of socio-economic development in the conditions of rapid technological changes, providing employees with the opportunity to remain competitive and protected in the labor market.